building a graph

We can download the street network from openstreetmap and the information are pretty detailed

graph_detail

detail of a graph

We see a lot of different street types, depending on the mean of transportation we need to run some operation on the graph and reduce the number of edges keeping the correct distances.

depending on the mean of transportation we select only particular street classes

graph by transportation

different kind of graphs depending on the mean of transportation

We build a graph from the geo dataframe

graph by type

detail of a graph

We label the nodes with geohash and depending on the digit used we have different number of nodes and connectivity

digit node link
9 10k 22k
10 24k 29k
13 35k 32k

With low digit we complete distort the geometry, with high number of digits we lose connectivity

graph_digit

disconnected graph

We realize that some parts are disconnected and therefore we take the largest connected graph

graph_detail

disconnected graph

We weight taking in consideration speed, street class, and length. We apply a factor for each street type

highway factor
motorway 3
primary 2
secondary 2
tertiary 1.5
residential 0.5

We can than weight a graph with this simple formula:

$$ \frac{speed * type}{length} $$

and obtain a weighted graph

graph_weight

different weighting per street

calculating distance matrix

We selected the closest node per each spot

graph_nearest

closest node per spot (in red)

The first iterations show not logical routes which is mainly due to the direct nature of the graph

graph_directed

shortest path between two spots in a directed graph

A good directed graph is a lot of work and we by now use a undirected graph for reasonable routes

graph_nearest

shortest path between two spots in a directed graph

graph_markov

changes in the Markov graph moving to weights

We compare different graphs

aymmetry_matrix

asymmetry matrix

aymmetry_distribution

asymmetry distribution